Ethiopian Birr (ETB)
"Birr" is an Amharic word historically associated with silver, reflecting the currency's long history in the region. The modern birr has circulated since 1976, but its most significant recent change came in July 2024, when Ethiopia floated the currency as part of IMF-backed economic reforms, ending decades of a tightly managed exchange rate and triggering a sharp official depreciation.
ETB ⇄ USD Converter
History
Ethiopia has used a currency called the birr in various forms since the early 20th century, alongside the Maria Theresa thaler that once circulated widely across the Horn of Africa. The current birr was introduced in 1976. For decades the National Bank of Ethiopia kept the exchange rate tightly managed, but in July 2024 the government floated the currency as part of a broader reform package agreed with the IMF, allowing market forces to play a much larger role in setting its value.
Denominations
Ethiopian birr banknotes currently circulate in these denominations:
- 1, 5, 10 birr — smaller everyday notes
- 50, 100, 200 birr — higher-value notes
Coins are issued in 1, 5, 10, 25, and 50 santim, plus a 1 birr coin.
Frequently Asked Questions
What is the currency symbol for the birr?
The birr's symbol is Br. Its ISO 4217 currency code is ETB.
Why did the birr lose value sharply in 2024?
In July 2024, Ethiopia floated the currency as part of IMF-backed reforms, ending a long-standing managed peg and allowing the exchange rate to move much closer to market levels — which caused a significant one-time depreciation.
Is the birr freely convertible outside Ethiopia?
No, it's rarely used or traded outside the country, so it's best exchanged through banks or licensed bureaux within Ethiopia.
Where can I see rates for other African currencies?
Check the full currency directory on the African Currencies homepage, which covers all 54 African countries.